Cracking the AP Human Geography Exam, 2015 Edition by Princeton Review

Author:Princeton Review [Review, The Princeton]
Language: eng
Format: epub
ISBN: 978-0-8041-2535-2
Publisher: Random House Children's Books
Published: 2014-10-21T00:00:00+00:00

PLANTATION AGRICULTURE

In the tropical and sub-tropical climates of the world, it is common to find extensive plantation agriculture, specialized crops intended for both domestic consumption and for export to other parts of the world. These plantations tend to be large, extensive monoculture farms that are reliant upon low-wage labor and, historically in the United States until 1865, slave labor.

Today, tropical plantation export crops are still found the world over, mainly in Third World locations. They still serve much the same purpose they have historically: to export value from large-scale monoculture. Here are some examples and locations:

Plantation Crop: Countries:

Banana Brazil, Dominica, Costa Rica, Honduras

Cane Sugar United States (Florida), Brazil, Cuba, China

Coffee Ethiopia, Kenya, Colombia, Brazil, United States (Hawaii)

Tea Sri Lanka, India, China, Thailand

Rubber Brazil, Malaysia, Indonesia, Mexico

Cacao (chocolate) Ghana, Brazil, Mexico, Indonesia

Palm Oil Indonesia, Malaysia, Nigeria, Thailand

As exports, these crops can produce a significant amount of economic value for their countries. However, frequent fluctuations in the commodity prices for these goods can make them highly profitable one year and then unprofitable the next. As a form of monoculture, plantation production can prove to be a risky financial investment for many countries. This has led to attempts to diversify the types of crops grown for export and thus reduce the potential for national economic downturns due to losses from a single crop.

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